Below chart displays the vowels in their three main forms. There are vowels, long vowels, and diphthongs in Mongolian language.
| Short vowels | Long vowels | Diphthongs |
| а(ав-av) | аа(аав-aav) | ай(айл-ail) |
| э(эх-ekh) | ээ(ээж-eej) | эй(мэйл-mail) |
| и(их-ikh) | ий(хийх-khiikh) | No version |
| о(од-od) | оо(тоо-too) | ой(могой-mogoi) |
| ө(өд-öd) | өө(өөх-öökh) | No version |
| у(ух-ukh) | уу(уух-uukh) | уй(гуйх-guikh) |
| ү(үр-ür) | үү(үүр-üür) | үй(үгүй-ugüi) |
In below video you can watch pronunciation of Short and long vowels, Diphthongs in Mongolian language
Mongolian Cyrillic vowel harmony
Vowel harmony is an aspect of the Mongolian language. Understanding the rules can give you quicker learning words because words with male vowels generally do not also have female vowels and vise-versa. It is possible to guess the spelling and pronunciation of words simply based on the first vowel. Remember that the “gender” of the vowels has nothing to do with actual gender.
| Male vowels | Neutral vowel | Female vowels |
| а,о,у | и | э,ө,ү |
| ё,ы,ю,я | е |
